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    Place Names of South Australia - C

    Crystal Brook - Cummins

    Crystal Brook

    By a strange coincidence the Aborigines called it mercowie which has been reported to mean 'clear water'. Some doubt is attached to this suggestion because a poem entitled 'Aboriginal Nomenclature - By a Native' which appeared in the Register of 11 October 1893 contradicts this meaning and says, inter alia:

      Then murka-cowie, that denotes
      A dry and thirsty ground.

    Register, 23 June 1847, page 3a:
      Thomas Adams, a shepherd in the employ of Mr. Ferguson at his station at Crystal Brook has wooed and won a native female named Kudnarto, aged about 17... Having resolved to make her his lawful wife, he placed her under the charge of one of the mistresses of the Native School for the purpose of four months initiation into the art of domestic life...

    The Register of
    10 February 1860, page 3a has an account of the death of a shepherd on Bowman's station; also see
    13 March 1860, page 3b under "True Heroism".
    The reminiscences of C.W. Mathews are in the Register,
    7 September 1923, page 9e.

    "When Crystal Brook Was a Station" is in the Register,
    28 February 1928, page 6d; also see
    Advertiser,
    31 August 1932, page 14g and Place Names - Napperby.

    "Poisonous Plants on Sheep Runs" is in the Register,
    29 May 1871, page 6f.
    Also see South Australia - Squatters and Pastoralists.

    The district is described in the Register,
    17 September 1872, page 6b,
    3 November 1875, page 6a,
    14 February 1876, page 6b,
    11 March 1876, page 5e.

    The reminiscences of Mr C.W. Mathews are in the Register,
    7 and 15 September 1923, pages 9e and 9e and
    of David Heaslip, Archibald Kirk and others in the Advertiser,
    31 August 1932, page 14g,
    2 September 1932, page 15c.

    A ploughing match and Show is reported in the Chronicle,
    29 August 1874, page 6g.
    Also see South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Ploughing Matches.

    An agricultural show is described in the Register,
    24 August 1875, page 7c,
    Express,
    2 September 1876, page 3f,
    Register,
    24 August 1877, page 7c,
    Chronicle,
    8 September 1883, page 22f,
    12 September 1908, page 33 (photos);
    its jubilee is reported in the Observer,
    15 September 1923, page 4.
    A photograph of members of the North-Western Agricultural Society is in the Observer,
    16 September 1905, page 27,
    of the Show on
    14 September 1929, page 32.
    Also see South Australia - Agricultural, Floricultural & Horticultural Shows.

    Information on the railway to Port Pirie is in the Register,
    11 March 1876, page 5e.
    Also see South Australia - Transport - Railways - Miscellany.

    The opening of the railway bridge is described in the Register,
    6 May 1876, page 5g;
    an article on the cemetery appears on the same day on page 5f.
    18 September 1876, page 6e.
    A sketch is in the Pictorial Australian in
    October 1876.

    A meet of the Redhill and Crystal Brook Hunt Club, when "the first run was after a mob of emus and kangaroos", is described in the Register,
    7 August 1876, page 7d; also see
    8 September 1876, page 1f.
    Also see South Australia - Sport - Fox Hunting.

    The Crystal Brook School opened in 1877;
    Crystal Brook South School existed from circa 1876 until 1911;
    Crystal Brook West School opened in 1885 and had its name changed to "Nurom" in 1948 - closed in 1971.
    Also see
    Register,
    30 August 1875, page 6f,
    2 July 1914, page 10g,
    Observer,
    11 July 1914, page 19c.

    Information on Mr McKinlay's private school is in the Advertiser,
    29 December 1892, page 3h.
    Photographs of public school students are in the Chronicle,
    17 August 1933, page 36.

    A cricket match against Red Hill is reported in the Chronicle,
    6 January 1877, page 13f.
    Also see South Australia - Sport - Cricket - Miscellany.

    Information on the local water supply is in the Register,
    20 and 22 March 1877, pages 6b and 6a; also see
    28 December 1877, page 5g.
    Also see South Australia - Water Conservation.

    A history of the town and photographs are in the Chronicle,
    10 November 1932, pages 33 and 42.
    The town is described in the Express,
    25 November 1874, page 2c,
    Advertiser,
    7 December 1876, page 5d,
    25 July 1891, page 35a, Register,
    26 January 1877, page 7a,
    Observer,
    3 February 1877, page 19,
    25 July 1891, page 35a,
    Register,
    21 February 1878, page 6c-f,
    24 July 1885, page 6a.

    Also see Parliamentary Paper 66/1886,
    Register,
    23 July 1891, page 3d,
    Express,
    23 July 1891, page 3g (report on its sanitary condition),
    Advertiser,
    13 June 1904, page 8c,
    Register,
    24 August 1904, page 6e,
    Advertiser,
    5 September 1905, page 8d,
    Register,
    27 January 1910, page 6e,
    30 September 1926, page 14.
    Photographs of flooding are in the Chronicle,
    18 August 1932, page 33.

    C. Thompson's hotel is described in the Register,
    18 January 1877, page 7a.

    A political meeting is reported upon in the Register,
    29 and 30 May 1877, pages 7b and 4d.
    Also see South Australia - Politics.

    A proposed labour prison is discussed in the Observer,
    23 June 1877, page 7b.

    A horse race meeting is reported in the Chronicle,
    9 March 1878, page 17e.
    Also see South Australia - Sport - Horse Racing.

    A sowing-machine match is reported in the Observer,
    27 April 1878, page 7d.
    A trial of harvesters is reported in the Register,
    3 December 1881 (supp.), page 1b.
    "Unhappy Ending to a [Machinery] Trial" is in the Register,
    21 and 22 November 1902, pages 3d and 7e.
    Also see South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Farming - Farm Implements.

    A rifle club is discussed in the Observer,
    5 June 1880, page 919d.
    Also see South Australia - Sport - Rifle Shooting.

    A Catholic picnic is reported in the Chronicle,
    8 January 1881, page 11c,
    10 January 1885, page 8g,
    9 January 1886, page 21c,
    9 January 1897, page 11b and
    an Oddfellows' picnic on
    9 September 1882, page 7g.

    A banquet to G.L. Debney is reported in the Register,
    20 January 1882, page 5c.

    The opening of the Institute is reported in the Register,
    18 March 1881, page 7c and
    A fire is reported in the Register,
    3 January 1887, page 6g and
    its reopening on
    28 April 1913, page 9b.

    The town's sanitary condition is discussed in the Register,
    23 July 1891, page 3d.
    "Jottings About Crystal Brook" appears on
    21 February 1907, page 7g,
    "Progressive Northern Town" on
    10 September 1921, page 9b.

    An editorial on the formation of a farmers' association is in the Advertiser,
    28 October 1879, page 4d.

    The laying of the foundation stone of the Post Office is reported in the Register,
    1 September 1882, page 5c.

    The opening of the Warra Warra bridge on the road to Merriton is reported in the Observer,
    24 March 1883, page 36e.

    Mr John Venning's paper entitled "The Necessity of Immigration" presented to the Farmers' Association is reproduced in the Register,
    14 November 1883, page 7b.
    The golden wedding of Mr & Mrs W.J. Venning is reported in the Register,
    10 and 13 July 1922, pages 6h and 6f.
    An obituary of Mrs Grace Venning is in the Observer,
    19 September 1908, page 42b,
    of W.J. Venning on
    21 October 1922, page 11a.

    An interesting account of camel trains and their Afghan attendants is in the Register,
    16 July 1884, page 5a.
    Also see South Australia - Flora and Fauna - Camels.

    The Crystal Brook Exhibition is reported upon in the Register,
    31 December 1884, page 7g,
    Chronicle,
    3 January 1885, page 4f.

    Information on James Gilbert's Emu Foundry is in the Advertiser,
    28 April 1888, page 7c.

    A report of a bunyip in Warra Warra Waterhole is in the Register, 31 January 1889, page 5b:

      Although seen during the last ten days by no less than six different persons, none of them can give an intelligent description of what the bunyip is like... A trap has been set...
      (Also see Register, 6 February 1889, page 7g and South Australia - Flora and Fauna - Bunyips.)
    A lacrosse match is reported in the Observer,
    1 July 1893, page 20c.
    Also see South Australia - Sport - Lacrosse.

    A coursing event is reported in the Chronicle,
    20 July 1895, page 21e,
    3 August 1895, page 14f.
    Also see South Australia - Sport - Coursing.

    Information on J.& R. Forgan & Co is in the Chronicle,
    2 September 1899, page 32 (supp.).
    An obituary of John Forgan is in the Register,
    3 April 1903, page 5a,
    Observer, 11 April 1903, page 33e,
    of David Forgan on 10 March 1906, page 38,
    of John Forgan on 27 February 1915, page 41a,
    of Mrs Agnes W. Forgan on 30 June 1923, page 35b,
    of Mary A. Forgan on 19 June 1926, page 38c.

    A sports day is reported in the Chronicle,
    13 January 1900, page 15a.

    A patriotic demonstration is reported in the Chronicle,
    24 March 1900, page 16c.
    A sketch of a gold medal sent by residents to General Buller as an expression of their appreciation of his services in the relief of Ladysmith is in the Register,
    11 June 1900, page 3g.
    Also see South Australia - The Boer War.

    A description of S.F. Claridge and Sons' farm is in the Register,
    7 September 1903, page 8c and
    its sale on
    14 July 1904, page 7d; also see
    4 and 14 April 1905, pages 3h and 3a -
    a harvester trial on the property is reported on
    13 November 1903, page 6b - "Will it Oust the Reaper?".
    Also see South Australia - Industries - Rural, Primary and Secondary - Farming - Farm Implements.

    Photographs of harvesting scenes are in the Chronicle,
    4 February 1905, page 27,
    of members of the lawn tennis club on
    31 August 1907, page 29,
    of wheat stacks on
    22 February 1908, page 31.

    Biographical details of E. Dabinett, the founder of the town's brass band, are in the Observer,
    19 September 1903, page 26e,
    of C.H. Darbon, district clerk, in the Register,
    6 December 1906, page 5b.

    Biographical details of Harry Miell are in the Register,
    6 October 1906, page 6i and
    an obituary in the Observer, 9 May 1914, page 39a.

    A photograph of a lacrosse team is in the Observer,
    10 July 1909, page 32,
    of district pioneers on
    15 September 1923, page 34.

    Information on a bridge over the Rocky River is in the Register,
    10 and 12 October 1910, pages 3f and 5f,
    15 November 1910, page 8e (opening).

    A flower show is reported in the Register,
    28 October 1910, page 3b.
    Also see South Australia - Agricultural, Floricultural & Horticultural Shows.

    "Progress at Crystal Brook" is in the Register,
    7 December 1910, page 8g.

    "Light Horse Camp" is in the Register,
    13 February 1911, page 10d.

    The diamond wedding of Mr & Mrs J.L.R. Hamlyn is reported in the Register,
    18 February 1911, page 13a.

    The golden wedding of Mr & Mrs Richard Pavy is reported in the Register,
    28 September 1911, page 6i.

    Information on St Silas's Church is in the Register,
    31 March 1911, page 9a,
    Observer,
    8 April 1911, page 17a.

    The introduction of electric light to the town is discussed in the Register,
    5 October 1911, page 4h,
    7 December 1911, page 3f,
    Observer,
    16 December 1911, page 44a.
    Also see Adelaide - Lighting the City and Homes.

    A proposed municipality is discussed in the Register,
    4, 22 and 28 March 1912, pages 11b, 8d and 3f,
    Observer,
    9 March 1912, pages 18a-50d,
    30 March 1912, page 17d,
    6 April 1912, page 47b.
    "Jubilee of Council" is in The Mail,
    3 September 1932, page 3a.
    Also see South Australia - Miscellany - Local Government.

    A proposed fire brigade is discussed in the Register,
    10 September 1912, page 9f,
    Observer,
    14 September 1912, page 17a.
    Also see Adelaide - Fires and Fire Brigade.

    A BHP sports day is reported in the Register,
    20 September 1912, page 9g.

    An annual general meeting of the lacrosse club is reported in the Observer,
    18 April 1914, page 20e.
    Also see South Australia - Sport - Lacrosse.

    The golden wedding of Mr & Mrs James O'Shaughnessy is reported in the Register,
    5 April 1922, page 6h.
    A photograph of the golden wedding of Mr & Mrs William Abell is in the Observer,
    29 April 1916, page 23,
    of Mr & Mrs J. O'Shaughnessy on 20 May 1922, page 25.

    Biographical details of Mrs Louisa J. Gale are in the Register,
    5 June 1918, page 6g,
    of H.D. Dennis on 19 July 1919, page 8i,
    of George Davidson and R.J. Dennis on 29 September 1923, page 13h,
    of A. McDonald on 22 July 1926, page 12a,
    of P.S. O' Shaughnessy on 9 June 1927, page 12d.

    The dedication of of a soldiers' memorial is reported in the Register
    10 April 1922, page 10c.
    Photographs are in the Chronicle,
    22 April 1922, page 29.
    Also see South Australia - World War I - Memorials to the Fallen.

    The opening of the hospital is reported in the Register,
    27 March 1925, page 12e and
    the jubilee of the Methodist Church on
    15 October 1927, page 15c.
    Photographs are in the Chronicle,
    6 July 1933, page 37.

    Biographical details of A. McDonald are in the Observer,
    31 July 1926, page 17d.

    The golden wedding of Mr & Mrs Thomas Bell is reported in the Observer,
    2 July 1927, page 18a.

    Biographical details of Laban Wake are in the Register,
    30 September 1927, page 17a.

    Photographs of the opening of a bowling club are in the Observer,
    27 November 1926, page 32,
    of Mr W.A. Allen and family in the 1890s in the Observer,
    13 August 1927, page 34.

    Information on a wireless relay station is in The Mail,
    25 April 1931, page 10c; also see
    The News,
    16 September 1931, page 8d,
    20 November 1931, page 11d.
    Also see South Australia - Communications - Wireless and Radio.

    "Back to Crystal Brook" is in the Advertiser,
    30 August 1932, page 8f.

    A photograph of a female hockey team is in the Chronicle,
    8 October 1936, page 34.

    Crystal Brook - Obituaries

    An obituary of Dr J.T.Parkinson is in the Register, 6 February 1891, page 7g,
    Observer, 7 February 1891, page 31d,
    of A.J. Andrews on 28 November 1914, page 42a,
    of Dr T.C. Bennett on 28 October 1916, page 15a,
    of Mark Weston on 30 December 1916, page 34e,
    of Andrew Ferguson on 2 June 1917, page 33a,
    of Mrs Angus Clarke on 22 June 1918, page 19a,
    of Robert Heaslip on 18 September 1920, page 37a.

    An obituary of John Wood, farmer and mechanical engineer, is in the Observer, 15 August 1908, page 40c,
    of E.H. Hewett on 3 October 1908, page 40b,
    of John Carter on 24 July 1915, page 45a,
    of Edmund Pope on 29 January 1916, page 44a,
    of J.C. Symons on 9 August 1919, page 14a,
    of Richard Parry on 29 May 1920, page 12e.

    An obituary of Mrs Richard Duffield is in the Register, 3 October 1908, page 8i,
    of Mrs Charles Perry on 17 June 1911, page 15c,
    of Angus Clarke on 31 July 1912, page 13a,
    of Harry Miell on 2 May 1914, page 10a,
    of Mrs R.J. Dennis on 18 June 1914, page 8a,
    of Alfred J. Andrews on 21 November 1914, page 8h,
    of John Carter on 21 July 1915, page 8i,
    of Edmund Pope on 21 January 1916, page 4h,
    of Donald McDonald on 25 February 1916, page 4g,
    of Dr T.C. Bennett on 20 October 1916, page 4h,
    of Mark Weston on 26 December 1916, page 6i,
    of Andrew Ferguson on 28 May 1917, page 6f.

    An obituary of Angus Clarke is in the Register, 19 June 1918, page 6h,
    of J.C. Symons on 1 August 1919, page 7a,
    of Robert Heaslip on 10 September 1920, page 7e,
    of Mrs J.C. Symons on 15 December 1921, page 6i,
    of Harrington Dennis on 4 December 1922, page 11c,
    of Mrs Isaac Teakle on 29 March 1923, page 8f,
    of Mrs Louisa J. Gale on 17 April 1924, page 8h,
    of William J. Fuller on 27 May 1924, page 8f.

    An obituary of Harlington Dennis is in the Observer, 9 December 1922, page 35b,
    of W.J. Fuller on 31 May 1924, page 45a,
    of William Abell on 28 February 1925, page 38d,
    of E.W. Scotcher on 24 October 1925, page 43c,
    of William Morrish on 25 August 1928, page 49e,
    of H.E. McDonald on 22 December 1928, page 50a.

    An obituary of William Abell is in the Register, 20 February 1925, page 8h,
    of H. Black on 31 July 1925, page 3e,
    of A.T. Mullner on 11 November 1925, page 13b,
    of Frederick W. Klopper on 28 and 30 December 1925, pages 6e and 6h,
    of Mrs G.W. Strudwick on 6 July 1926, page 8h,
    of Charles Dawes on 14 January 1927, page 8g,
    of F.W. Laubsch on 17 May 1927, page 12f,
    of Mrs E.W. Scotcher on 28 June 1927, page 11e.

    An obituary of Mrs Rachel T. O'Shaughnessy is in the Register, 2 February 1928, page 8f,
    of William Morrish on 20 August 1928, page 8g,
    of H.E. McDonald on 15 December 1928, page 8h.

    Crystal Brook - Cummins
    C
    Place Names

    Cudlee Creek

    kadlipari - 'dingo river' or 'native dog river'.

    Chronicle,
    10 November 1866, page 3d:

      A bridge over the Torrens had been required for years and in consequence of them not having one they had been unable to cart their produce to Lobethal, Woodside and Mount Barker... The river during many parts of the year was exceedingly dangerous to cross with a light load and almost impossible with a heavy one...

    For the laying of its foundation stone see Register,
    9 February 1871, page 3e.
    The opening of the "Union Bridge" is reported on
    29 June 1871, page 3d and
    its successor in the Advertiser,
    5 February 1917, page 6e.
    Photographs are in the Observer,
    10 February 1917, page 27.

    Information on its school is in the Observer,
    7 October 1871, page 12e,
    Register,
    8 March 1872, page 6a,
    16 April 1872, page 6a,
    Advertiser,
    30 April 1872, page 3g,
    Chronicle,
    9 and 16 September 1876, pages 8e and 12d.

    The opening of the new Bible Christian Chapel is reported in the Register,
    2 February 1882, page 5a.

    An obituary of William Kelly is in the Register,
    1 January 1889, page 5f,
    of Robert Pool in the Observer,
    3 September 1910, page 41b,
    of Warwick Langley in the Register,
    8 October 1920, page 9c,
    of Mrs Robert Pool on 28 October 1920, page 6h,
    of Mrs Elliot Hannaford on 27 August 1921, page 8f.

    A sports day is reported in the Chronicle,
    6 February 1904, page 13d.

    A photograph of members of the Coodla Knitting Club is in the Observer,
    4 September 1915, page 30.

    "A Ramble Near Cudlee Creek" is in the Register,
    16 June 1923, page 7a,
    Observer,
    30 June 1923, page 51d.

    "Progressive Cudlee Creek" is in the Observer,
    1 December 1923, page 8d.

    Crystal Brook - Cummins
    C
    Place Names

    Cudmore Park

    Advertiser on 10 December 1924, page 10h:

      The latest old beauty spot to receive the attention of the town planner is Cudmore Park, formerly known as Jordan Park, the old pony racecourse...

    Crystal Brook - Cummins
    C
    Place Names

    Culburra


    The town's railway station was formerly known as 'Dewson'.
    Also see Place Names - Dewson.

    Crystal Brook - Cummins
    C
    Place Names

    Cummins

    Register,
    5 June 1884 (supp.), page 1a.
    "Old Letters - West Coast in the Fifties - The Correspondence of James Anderson" is in the Advertiser,
    19 November 1929, page 13e;
    also see Place Names - Cockaleechie.

    A trip to the reservoir in the Hundred of Cummins from Charlton, via Koppio and Yallunda Flat, is described in the Advertiser,
    24 November 1905, page 6g;
    a letter from a workman employed in its construction appears on
    5 May 1906, page 4f.
    Also see South Australia - Water Conservation.

    Mr W.P. Cummins' obituary is in the Register,
    11 March 1907, page 7c;
    a photograph is in the Chronicle,
    16 March 1907, page 29.

    Photographs of the town are in the Observer,
    23 January 1909, page 29,
    19 June 1915, page 28.

    "Progressive Cummins" is in the Register,
    11 March 1910, page 10g; also see
    18 May 1911, page 6f:

      The town is beginning to assume a business-like appearance, leaving behind the blacksmith shop and church characteristic of early settlement... The land on which the town is built is owned by Mr. C.L. Burden and is part of a large holding. So far no Government town has been surveyed and at present uncertainty exists just where the chosen site will be. In the meantime business places are being erected about a quarter of a mile from the railway station...

    A Show is reported in the Chronicle,
    17 October 1908, page 44a;
    photographs appear on
    11 November 1911, page 32.
    Also see South Australia - Agricultural, Floricultural & Horticultural Shows.

    A photograph of a football team is in the Chronicle,
    4 September 1909, page 30.

    "Progressive Cummins" is in the Observer,
    19 March 1910, page 16d.

    The district is described in the Register,
    18 May 1911, page 6e,
    Observer,
    24 April 1926, page 44.

    Its school opened in 1912.

    Photographs of the Methodist Church and its trustees are in the Chronicle,
    21 December 1912, page 32,
    of the railway yards on
    5 May 1923, page 31,
    of a flour mill on
    19 November 1931, page 32,
    of a football team on
    17 October 1935, page 36.

    "The Hellish Drink - Riot at Cummins" is in the Advertiser,
    27 February 1913, page 9c.
    Also see South Australia - Social Matters - Temperance and Allied Matters.

    Crystal Brook - Cummins
    C